A cataract is a clouding or darkening that develops
in the normally clear lens of the eye. This prevents the lens from
properly focusing light on the retina, at the back of the eye, resulting
in a loss of vision. It is not a film that grows over the surface
of the eye.
No one is exactly sure what causes a cataract, but it is known
that chemical changes within the lens cause it to become cloudy.
This is often thought of as a part of the natural aging process,
but it may also result from heredity, an injury or disease.
Cataracts are most often found in persons over age
55, but are also occasionally found in younger persons and even newborns.
Cataracts usually develop in both eyes, but often at different rates.
Some cataracts develop slowly over a period of years and others form
rapidly within a few months.
In a comprehensive eye examination, your doctor of optometry can
determine whether or not you have cataracts.
Cataracts vary in their development from person to person, so the
symptoms may also vary. Here are some common symptoms that people
experience:
- increasing haziness causing blurred or distorted vision...
colors may seem yellowed
- the appearance of dark spots or shadows that seem to move when
the eye moves
- an increasing need for more light to see clearly
- a tendency to become more nearsighted because of increasing density
of the lens
- double vision
- a gradual loss of color vision
- a stage where it is easier to see without glasses ... second
sight
Currently, there is no proven method to prevent cataracts
from forming or to make the cloudy lens clear after a cataract has
developed. Your doctor of optometry can prescribe changes in your
glasses or contact lenses to help you see more clearly as your cataract
develops.
Ultimately, if your cataract impairs your daily activities, your
optometrist can refer you to an eye surgeon who may recommend surgical
removal of the cataract. The surgery is relatively uncomplicated
and has a 95% success rate.
When your eye's natural lens is removed during cataract surgery,
some type of treatment is usually needed to achieve clear, comfortable
vision.
Intra ocular lenses, contact lenses and glasses are all common forms
of post-cataract vision correction. Intra ocular lens implants are
inserted at the time of surgery and serve as "new" lenses.
Daily wear and continuous wear contact lenses have also become increasingly
popular as post-cataract vision correction.
Whatever the treatment, regular optometric follow up care is important
in making sure you maintain good vision and eye health.
-American Optometic Association |